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Breast-Fed Make Better Grades.
NEW YORK (Reuters) -- Breastfeeding during infancy of the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Researchers from Christchurch School of Medicine in New Zealand studied over 1,000 children born between April and August 1977. During the period from birth to one year, they gathered information on how these children were fed.
The infants were then followed to age 18. Over the years, the researchers collected a range of cognitive and academic information on the children, including IQ (intelligence quotient), teacher ratings of school performance in reading and math, and results of standardized tests of reading comprehension, mathematics, and scholastic ability. The researchers also looked at the number of passing grades achieved in national School Certificate examinations taken at the end of the third year of high school.
The results indicated that the longer children had been breast-fed, the higher they scored on such tests.
Children who were breast-fed for eight months or more had, on average, significantly higher test scores than children who were not breast-fed. "Similarly, children breast-fed for eight or more months were only two-thirds as likely as non-breast-fed children to have left school without qualifications," the researchers state.
The study authors note that mothers who elected to breastfeed tended to be older, better educated, from upper-income backgrounds, in a two-parent family, not to smoke during pregnancy, and had attained above-average income and living standards.
Still, after taking into account these and other possible "confounding" factors, the results held.
The researchers say the findings "underwrite the need to encourage breastfeeding and/or... (development of) improved infant formulas with properties more similar to those of human breast milk."
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends breastfeeding for at least 12 months "or longer as mutually desired by infant and mother."